ExhibitThe Ledger

AI Prediction Accountability

A sourced scoreboard of the AI industry’s dated predictions.

Every entry is a public statement with a date, a deadline, and a link to the primary source — scored only against verifiable outcomes. Bulls and skeptics alike, hits and misses both. No commentary that isn’t backed by a citation. Read the receipts and judge for yourself.

Resolved track record
37%hit rate

26 of 39 independently-verified claims have reached their deadline. Partial counts as half.

FAILED
15
PARTIAL
7
FULFILLED
6
PENDING
13
UNFALSIFIABLE
3

Calibration standings

Hit rate across resolved, source-verified calls. Partial counts as half. Cuts both ways — skeptics included.

  1. 1
    Yann LeCunChief AI Scientist, Meta; Turing laureate
    1 resolved100%
  2. 2
    Gary MarcusAI researcher; author of “Marcus on AI”
    5 resolved80%
  3. 3
    Rodney BrooksMIT roboticist; AI/robotics skeptic
    2 resolved75%
  4. 4
    Jensen HuangCEO, Nvidia
    1 resolved50%
  5. 5
    Sam AltmanCEO, OpenAI
    3 resolved33%
  6. 6
    Ray KurzweilFuturist; author of “The Singularity Is Near”
    3 resolved33%
  7. 7
    David ShapiroAI commentator & author
    5 resolved10%
  8. 8
    Dario AmodeiCEO, Anthropic
    1 resolved0%
  9. 9
    Elon MuskCEO, Tesla & xAI
    3 resolved0%
  10. 10
    Geoffrey HintonTuring laureate; “godfather of AI”
    1 resolved0%
  11. 11
    Mustafa SuleymanCEO, Microsoft AI
    1 resolved0%
  12. 12
    Demis HassabisCEO, Google DeepMind; Nobel laureate
    none resolved yet

The ledger

44 entries · newest first
  1. Mustafa SuleymanFeb 2026PENDINGsource unconfirmed

    "Most [white-collar] tasks will be fully automated by an AI within the next 12 to 18 months."

    Deadline: By ~mid/late 20271 sourceView evidence →
  2. David ShapiroJan 2026UNFALSIFIABLE

    "85% Of People Will be Unemployable. According to my models, only 15% of working age adults will be employed once AI and robotics take off."

    Deadline: "Once AI and robotics take off" — no fixed date1 sourceView evidence →
  3. David ShapiroJan 2026UNFALSIFIABLE

    "Both methods point to roughly 200,000 to 300,000 U.S. jobs displaced or foregone due to AI in 2025."

    1 sourceView evidence →
  4. David ShapiroDec 2025PENDING

    "In 2026 at least one — and probably several — companies (Figure, Tesla Optimus, Unitree, Boston Dynamics Atlas, others) will cross into genuine product-market fit (PMF)." Shapiro called 2026 the "year of the robot."

    Deadline: During 20261 sourceView evidence →
  5. David ShapiroOct 2025PENDINGsource unconfirmed

    "I'm updating my predictions. At the end of 2024 I said: 2025 — the year of the agent (so far, quite true); 2026 — the year of the robot; 2027 — the year of superintelligence. I now think that superintelligence will also happen in 2026."

    Deadline: 20261 sourceView evidence →
  6. Sam AltmanJun 2025PARTIAL

    "2025 has seen the arrival of agents that can do real cognitive work… 2026 will likely see the arrival of systems that can figure out novel insights… 2027 may see the arrival of robots that can do tasks in the real world."

    Deadline: 2025 / 2026 / 20271 sourceView evidence →
  7. Dario AmodeiMay 2025PENDING

    AI could wipe out half of all entry-level white-collar jobs and spike unemployment to 10–20% in the next one to five years.

    Deadline: Within 1–5 years (by ~2030)1 sourceView evidence →
  8. Demis HassabisApr 2025PENDING

    "[We're] on track for AGI in the next 5 to 10 years, I think."

    Deadline: 2030–20351 sourceView evidence →
  9. Demis HassabisApr 2025PENDING

    "Maybe we can cure all disease with the help of AI. Maybe within the next decade… I don't see why not."

    Deadline: ~20351 sourceView evidence →
  10. Dario AmodeiMar 2025FAILED

    "I think we'll be there in three to six months — where AI is writing 90 percent of the code. And then in twelve months, we may be in a world where AI is writing essentially all of the code."

    Deadline: 90% by ~Sep 2025; “all code” by ~Mar 20262 sourcesView evidence →
  11. Dario AmodeiFeb 2025PENDING

    "Possibly by 2026 or 2027 (and almost certainly no later than 2030)… a ‘country of geniuses in a datacenter.’"

    Deadline: 2026–2027 (“no later than 2030”)1 sourceView evidence →
  12. Yann LeCunJan 2025PENDING

    "Within five years, nobody in their right mind would use [LLMs] anymore, at least not as the central component of an AI system."

    Deadline: By ~20301 sourceView evidence →
  13. Sam AltmanJan 2025PARTIAL

    "We believe that, in 2025, we may see the first AI agents ‘join the workforce’ and materially change the output of companies."

    Deadline: During 20251 sourceView evidence →
  14. Gary MarcusJan 2025PARTIAL

    For 2025: no AGI; under ~10% of the workforce replaced by AI; driverless cars still geographically limited; possibly no community-consensus ‘GPT-5-level’ leap.

    Deadline: End of 20251 sourceView evidence →
  15. David ShapiroDec 2024PARTIAL

    "At the end of 2024 I said that 2025 would be the year of the agent and 2026 would be the year of the robot. I hold to that. 2027 is the year of superintelligence."

    Deadline: 2025 (agents), 2026 (robots), 2027 (superintelligence)1 sourceView evidence →
  16. David ShapiroOct 2024FAILED

    "Why I'm quitting AI… Mostly I'm just quitting AI on YouTube and I'm quitting the content mill… I'm going to wrap up all my AI-related projects."

    Deadline: Stated as effective immediately2 sourcesView evidence →
  17. Dario AmodeiOct 2024PENDING

    "AI-enabled biology and medicine will allow us to compress the progress that human biologists would have achieved over the next 50–100 years into 5–10 years" — the “compressed 21st century.”

    Deadline: 5–10 years after “powerful AI” (earliest ~2031–2036)1 sourceView evidence →
  18. Sam AltmanSep 2024PENDING

    "It is possible that we will have superintelligence in a few thousand days (!); it may take longer, but I'm confident we'll get there."

    Deadline: “A few thousand days” (~2027–2035)1 sourceView evidence →
  19. David ShapiroSep 2024FAILED

    "Maybe I was right, and we achieved AGI in September of 2024? We need to wait for the benchmarks, but we just had a major step in that direction."

    1 sourceView evidence →
  20. David ShapiroJul 2024FAILEDsource unconfirmed

    "I have predicted superintelligence by 2027 and a technical academic AGI in about 2025… Real deal AGI I expect to be later in 2025 through the end of 2026."

    Deadline: Technical AGI ~2025; "real deal" AGI by end of 20261 sourceView evidence →
  21. Gary MarcusApr 2024FULFILLED

    "$1 million (later raised to $10M) says" AI will not be smarter than any individual human by the end of 2025.

    Deadline: Dec 31, 20251 sourceView evidence →
  22. Elon MuskMar 2024FAILEDsource unconfirmed

    "AI will probably be smarter than any single human next year [2025]. By 2029, AI is probably smarter than all humans combined."

    Deadline: 2025 (any human); 2029 (all humans)1 sourceView evidence →
  23. Gary MarcusMar 2024FULFILLED

    By end of 2024: many GPT-4-level models, no massive advance (no GPT-5, or a disappointing one), price wars, little moat, no robust fix for hallucinations, and only modest corporate adoption and profits.

    Deadline: End of 20242 sourcesView evidence →
  24. Jensen HuangMar 2024PENDING

    "If I gave an AI … every single test that you can possibly imagine… in five years' time, we'll do well on every single one."

    Deadline: By ~20291 sourceView evidence →
  25. Jensen HuangFeb 2024PARTIAL

    "Over the last 10–15 years, everybody… said you should learn computer science, everybody should learn how to program — and in fact it's almost exactly the opposite… nobody has to program, and the programming language is human."

    Deadline: Present-tense claim about the near term1 sourceView evidence →
  26. Yann LeCun2024FULFILLED

    "We are not going to get to human-level AI by just scaling up LLMs… it's not going to happen within the next two years."

    Deadline: ~2 years (by ~2026)1 sourceView evidence →
  27. David ShapiroOct 2023FAILED

    "Earlier this year I predicted that we would have AGI within 18 months — that was March of 2023, so that means my prediction was by September 24, 2024 we would have AGI. I am here to reaffirm that prediction. We will have AGI within 12 months."

    Deadline: By September 24, 20241 sourceView evidence →
  28. Geoffrey HintonOct 2023PENDING

    "In five years' time it may well be able to reason better than us."

    Deadline: ~20281 sourceView evidence →
  29. Mustafa SuleymanJul 2023FAILED

    Proposed a “Modern Turing Test”: an AI that can turn a $100,000 investment into $1,000,000 on a retail web platform with minimal human input — “as little as two years away.”

    Deadline: ~2 years (by ~mid-2025)1 sourceView evidence →
  30. David ShapiroMar 2023FAILED

    "In 18 months any possible definition of AGI that you have will be satisfied." Shapiro framed this as AGI arriving within 18 months of March 2023 — i.e. by roughly September 2024.

    Deadline: By ~September 20242 sourcesView evidence →
  31. Yann LeCunFeb 2023UNFALSIFIABLEsource unconfirmed

    "On the highway towards Human-Level AI, [the] Large Language Model is an off-ramp."

    1 sourceView evidence →
  32. Gary MarcusDec 2022FULFILLED

    Seven predictions about GPT-4: it would still hallucinate, remain unreliable at physical/psychological/mathematical reasoning, not give reliable medical advice, and not be safely hooked up to downstream programs.

    Deadline: On GPT-4's release (2023)1 sourceView evidence →
  33. Gary MarcusMar 2022PARTIAL

    "Deep learning is hitting a wall" — scaling makes models more fluent but not more trustworthy, with diminishing returns on reasoning, truthfulness and common sense.

    1 sourceView evidence →
  34. Sam AltmanMar 2021FAILED

    "Imagine a world where, for decades, everything — housing, education, food, clothing, etc. — became half as expensive every two years."

    Deadline: “For decades” (ongoing from 2021)1 sourceView evidence →
  35. Elon MuskApr 2019FAILED

    "Next year for sure, we'll have over a million robotaxis on the road" — a Tesla fleet that would activate via an over-the-air update.

    Deadline: During 20202 sourcesView evidence →
  36. Elon MuskMar 2018FAILED

    "I think probably by mid-2019, self-driving will encompass essentially all modes of driving."

    Deadline: By end of 20191 sourceView evidence →
  37. Rodney BrooksJan 2018FULFILLED

    "Emergence of the generally agreed upon ‘next big thing’ in AI beyond deep learning… no earlier than 2023, by 2027."

    Deadline: 2023–20272 sourcesView evidence →
  38. Rodney BrooksJan 2018PARTIAL

    Predicted (against prevailing hype) that a genuine driverless “taxi” service meeting strict criteria would not arrive before 2022 — pushing back on 2017-era claims of imminent robotaxis.

    Deadline: Not earlier than 20221 sourceView evidence →
  39. Geoffrey HintonNov 2016FAILED

    "People should stop training radiologists now. It's just completely obvious that within five years deep learning is going to do better than radiologists… It might be 10 years."

    Deadline: 5–10 years (by ~2021–2026)2 sourcesView evidence →
  40. Elon MuskDec 2015FAILED

    "We're going to end up with complete autonomy, and I think we will have complete autonomy in approximately two years."

    Deadline: ~2 years (by ~2018)1 sourceView evidence →
  41. Ray Kurzweil2005PENDING

    "2029 is the consistent date I have predicted for when an AI will pass a valid Turing test and therefore achieve human levels of intelligence."

    Deadline: By 20292 sourcesView evidence →
  42. Ray Kurzweil1999FULFILLED

    By 2009, "a $1,000 personal computer can perform about a trillion calculations per second." (from The Age of Spiritual Machines, 1999)

    Deadline: By 20091 sourceView evidence →
  43. Ray Kurzweil1999FAILED

    By 2009, "computers are commonly embedded in clothing and jewelry such as wristwatches, rings, earrings and other body ornaments." (from 1999)

    Deadline: By 20091 sourceView evidence →
  44. Ray Kurzweil1999FAILED

    By 2019, "people routinely use three-dimensional displays built into their glasses or contact lenses." (from 1999)

    Deadline: By 20191 sourceView evidence →